Abstract：The research of military geography is lagging behind other fields in human geography in China. On the basis of field study, the historical event of Jinggangshan military struggle has been analyzed systematically in the perspective of modern geography. During the whole course of Jinggangshan Struggle, the base area had undergone a process of military geography from troops going to the mountains, taking advantage of natural barriers to garrison, to hitting outside, and evacuating finally, the pattern of military geography was formed through "two districts, two centers, one loop, five posts". In the perspective of base area scale, we interpreted the moving of the core from Maoping to Ciping, the separation of two districts, pointed the defectsof five posts, and of supporting capacity of resources and environments. Therefore, the pattern was fit for settling down at the beginning, but was with the disadvantages of small territorial range, weak resource supporting and scarce space to circle round. In the perspective of macroscopic regional scale, although the base area was far away from enemy's center, it faced attacks from both sides of two provinces, showing weakness of military geography. Consequently, the troops tried to make a sally to south Jiangxi province to find a better base area. The new military force formed an inverted "core-periphery" structure against old pattern. As the progress of Jinggangshan Road, the advantages of military geography were strengthened constantly in respects of locations, scales, resources and surroundings, during the establishment and development of following Central Soviet Area, Shanganning Base Area and Northeast Liberated Area.
